101 Cisneros and Eleven Professor Ramos Blog

101 Cisneros and Eleven Snappy Write Reflection Ponder the creative cycle for your answer article. Answer these inquiries: What did you do well in your exposition? What are the qualities and shortcomings of your paper? What evaluation do you think the paper merits? Fast Write What are some potential explanations behind restricting books? Prologue to Sandra Cisneros Have you at any point perused anything by Sandra Cisneros before this class? Did anyone look here up? What did you discover? Her books were restricted in Arizona. For what reason do you think they prohibited them? Spearheading Chicanaâ writer Sandra Cisnerosâ received the 2015 National Medal of Arts Award from President Barack Obama at the White House, Thursday morning (Sept. 22). For what reason would we say we are perusing her accounts in a sythesis class? How is this not quite the same as our past readings? Birthday Party Eleven Compose In the event that you were Rachel, what might you have done? To answer this, compose an exchange among Rachel and Mrs. Cost. Start your exchange with: Mrs. Cost: obviously the sweater’s yours. I recall you wearing it once. Proceed with the exchange any way you need. 101 Cisneros and Eleven Library Research Notes Reflection Think about the creative cycle for your first article. Answer these inquiries: What did you do well in your paper? What are the qualities and shortcomings of your exposition? Where did you battle, if by any stretch of the imagination? Library Research Notes Today we are meeting in the Crafton Library PC room. In the Crafton Hills site go to the library connect. Crafton Hills Library Databases You can look for books, digital books, reference books, and articles. Use the EBSCO Academic Search Completeâ database under interdisciplinary area Discover your catchphrases to look adequately in the databases. Model point: the increasing expenses of reading material Catchphrases: reading material, cost, value, course saves Search the catchphrases you thought of for your subject. Breaking point the outcomes to full messages and insightful. Can likewise constrain the outcomes to current distribution date, contingent upon your point. Boolean Terms Utilize the Boolean hunt terms to help slender your indexed lists Also, OR, or NOT Peruse the theoretical, outline, or potentially presentation of the article you are thinking about to check whether it is helpful and applicable to what you are exploring. Snappy Write What are some potential purposes behind forbidding books? Prologue to Sandra Cisneros Have you at any point perused anything by Sandra Cisneros before this class? Did anyone look here up? What did you discover? Her books were prohibited in Arizona. For what reason do you think they restricted them? Spearheading Chicanaâ writer Sandra Cisnerosâ received the 2015 National Medal of Arts Award from President Barack Obama at the White House, Thursday morning (Sept. 22). For what reason would we say we are perusing her accounts in a structure class? How is this unique in relation to our past readings? Birthday Party Eleven Compose In the event that you were Rachel, what might you have done? To answer this, compose a discourse among Rachel and Mrs. Cost. Start your discourse with: Mrs. Cost: obviously the sweater’s yours. I recall you wearing it once. Proceed with the discourse any way you need.

Create a Plan for Positive Influence Paper Essay Example

Make a Plan for Positive Influence Paper Essay Example Make a Plan for Positive Influence Paper Essay Make a Plan for Positive Influence Paper Essay Make a Plan for Positive Influence Paper Kevin Sanderson LDR/531 October 18, 2010 Lawrence Hibbard Create a Plan for Positive Influence Paper Working in a group situation necessitates that each colleague be propelled to finish the jobs needing to be done in a productive and viable way. Part execution is regularly proportionate to fulfillment. Bases for this triumphant mix can be gotten from self evaluations, for example, The Platinum Rule Behavioral Style Assessment and group joint efforts. The result of such evaluations and coordinated efforts are instrumental in the positive impact of collaboration both in school and working environment conditions. Regularly groups are relegated huge tasks to chip away at and the perspectives, qualities, feelings, and characters of the individuals are immediate characteristics of the activities achievement or disappointment. An arrangement to advance a positive domain is the initial step of guaranteeing group achievement. The Platinum Rule Behavioral Style Assessment recognizes four styles of conduct: strength (the need to control and the need to accomplish), intelligent (flourish with the profound respect, affirmation, and praises), dauntlessness (warm, strong, and sustaining people), and wary (diagnostic, tenacious, and precise issue solvers) (Alessandra, 2010). Each style incorporates four sub-styles: Dominance-executive, explorer, maker, pioneer Interactive-socializer, aide, impresser, fan Steadiness-relater, authority, determined worker, harmonizer Cautious-mastermind, ace minder, assessor and perfecter Each sub-style has its own helpers, which will be tended to later. At the point when each colleague has distinguished their individual style and sub-style, the group can work together to see who is best for what job and locate the correct elements for the group. It is discovered that for a few, the appraisal is an ideal depiction, though others accept the outcomes are misguided. The distinctions in impression of people self is acceptable during group joint efforts since people can find practices and characters that they didn't know they had. Additionally it enables every part to relate to whom the individual in question can work with the best. Various individuals have various qualities demonstrative of their practices and characters that must be recognized also when filling in as a gathering and huge activities. For instance, An individual hoping to rush and get-by would not work out in a good way in a group that is devoted and hoping to convey a quality item or administration. Notwithstanding, this sort of individual’s vitality could be utilized to deal with any difficult work that might be required and can be controlled and observed. When the ID stage has occurred, it is critical to discover approaches to build inspiration, fulfillment, and execution. Increment in Motivation As referenced before every conduct style has a sub-style with novel inspirations. For instance the Interactive Enthusiast (Id) is roused by impacting others. This implies this kind of individual encounters more significant levels of fulfillment by animating other colleagues in some positive structure or style. The acknowledgment of this impact at that point makes the individual perform at top levels. The more Interactive Enthusiasts can impact individuals, the more inspired and fulfilled him or she will be and singular exhibitions will build (Alessandra, 2010). Another model is a Dominance Pioneer (Dc). This sort individual is inspired by working in a situation to coordinate and divert task achievements. These advanced concentrated people are sharp witted and function admirably in possibility circumstances. Doling out new undertakings in unchartered regions will build the inspiration, fulfillment, and execution of these people (Alessandra, 2010). Occupation fulfillment may likewise be expanded when an individual is accomplishing work that is loved. Other employment fulfillment aspects included compensation, headway openings, management, and collaborators; nonetheless, if an individual is doing what is important to them the person in question will in general experience fulfillment long haul (Robbins Judge, 2007). Execution levels likewise can be expanded when explicit objectives are set. An individual, endeavoring to do the best the person can, may not arrive at ideal execution. The objective setting hypothesis recommends that particular objectives go about as inner boosts and increment singular execution (Robbins Judge, 2007). In this way, if colleagues have positive targets and courses of events the group has a superior possibility at viability and proficiency. Conduct Influences It is apparent that a person’s conduct affects the elements and profitability of a group. Numerous components have an impact in singular conduct. Conduct can be affected by perspectives, characters, qualities, and feelings. Mentalities are supposed to be coolly identified with conduct implying that a person’s demeanor will direct their conduct. Significance is one of the most impressive mediators of perspectives conduct relationship. As per Robbins Judge (2007) â€Å"Important perspectives are ones that reflect major qualities, personal responsibility, or distinguishing proof with people or gatherings that an individual values† (p. 78). These sorts of mentalities exhibit a solid relationship to conduct. A person’s character, it might be said, directs how people communicate with the majority. Two boundaries of characters inverse of one another affect conduct; Type An and Type B characters. Type A people are forceful, continually moving, multi-taskers fixated on numbers, and measure in volume and mass. This sort of character is best utilized when an association taking off or experiencing a change; might be destructive during the development time of the business life cycle. Type B individuals are once in a while rushed, quiet, saved, and can comfort their brain. This kind of character is best utilized when an association is attempting to concentrate on the crucial targets just as the master plan; can be an unconstrained idea impediment (Robbins Judge, 2007). Qualities are singular view of reality itself and the manner in which the individual decides to manage it. Since values depend on singular observation, the individual can impede objectivity and levelheadedness. This can negatively affect a group if an individual qualities cause the group to stray from its objectives and goals by choosing to put self need over group need (Robbins Judge, 2007). The course of extraordinary sentiments toward a person or thing is called feelings. In an authoritative setting it is difficult for an individual to work on the off chance that the person in question encounters the feeling of outrage, for instance. This oment of feeling can modify the state of mind from charming to horrendous. This thusly can influence one’s imagination. Individuals in positive states of mind will in general be increasingly receptive, think quick, and concoct numerous thoughts, while those in awful mind-sets can be cynical, unexpected, and have their psyche wonder (Robbin s Judge, 2007). Contrasts Many contrasts exist in referencing mentalities, characters, qualities, and feelings. Similarly as one of the previously mentioned can positively affect a group, it can have a comparable negative impact too. A group might be different and contain numerous character qualities that may have impact on one’s feelings. These feelings can direct the individual demeanor, which has an immediate effect on the individual worth framework. Obviously, the arrangement of circumstances and logical results can be adjusted yielding an alternate result of similar components. Knowing and understanding the individual and aggregate contrasts of mentalities, characters, qualities, and feelings can enable a group to arrange its boards of trustees, plan its procedures with vital faculty, make courses of events progressively helpful for colleague inclination, and create trust among individuals. Determination When a group amasses the individuals must make sense of one another to cooperate. Distinctive propelling, fulfilling, and execution driven emotions exist in everyone. Blend the sentiments in with the perspectives, feelings, qualities, and characters that every part has, and the result is flighty. On the off chance that arrangements are made for positive impact, the advantages to the group can be boundless. References Alessandra, T. (2010, October). The Platinum Rule Behavioral Style Assessment. Recovered from https://uop. blanchardassessments. com/reportcontents. asp? id=174030 Robbins, S. P. , Judge, T. A. (2007). Hierarchical Behavior (twelfth ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

SAT Essay Sample by Peter D. Godman

SAT Essay Sample by Peter D. GodmanSAT essay samples by Peter D. Godman are among the best, and his selection is very thorough. His writing is the most accurate, effective, and straightforward I have seen. I learned a lot about writing essays with his approach.He first teaches you how to formulate your original problems and how to state your results. You will learn how to avoid spelling mistakes and make the process of writing concise and effective. His writing style will teach you to consider each paragraph carefully and to do it in a logical sequence that makes the sentences strong and compelling. This is the best resource for writing the SAT essay because it is formatted in such a way that it will flow seamlessly from paragraph to paragraph and from paragraph to essay.The next step is to apply these tips to take the SAT. It is a structured exam and Peter D. Godman breaks down everything, from the format of the questions to how to organize your answers. After the introduction, the SAT-II, he walks you through the actual written test, breaking down sections, giving you examples and giving you strategies for answering the questions.In his fifth section, he gives you how to use the right information to answer the questions on the SAT-II. He first shows you the format for a complete section of the essay, showing you what to put in each of the paragraphs. You learn how to format your question and how to focus on one question at a time. Then he gives you examples of an example essay and how to structure an essay.Peter D. Godman also covers writing the student response and how to frame the problem and answer it. He discusses the proper structure of the essay and how to write it using the same principles as how to write an essay on the SAT. He walks you through the format and outline of your paper. Finally, he tells you how to answer the questions on the final section of the exam.Peter D. Godman covers writing the essay in a way that is easier to understand, with gre at examples that are easy to follow. He teaches you the structure and how to write the paragraphs that make up the essay. The Writing Essay by Peter D. Godman also shows you how to do all of this without sounding pretentious or putting unnecessary words into your essay.The final step of the guide includes a book of writing samples. He gives you examples of how to structure different types of essays, including history, fiction, journalism, persuasive writing, sports writing, and more. He also includes examples of different strategies you can use to write your essay, including length, sentence structure, use of keywords, and how to use citations properly.I learned a lot from SAT essay samples by Peter D. Godman. His writing was very professional and easy to follow. He also helped me out a lot with practice essays and helped me avoid many errors on my test!

Women’s March on Versailles French Revolution

The Womens March on Versailles in October 1789 is often credited with forcing the royal court and family to move from the traditional seat of government in Versailles to Paris, a major and early turning point in the French Revolution. Context In May of 1789, the Estates-General began to consider reforms,  and in July, the Bastille was stormed. A month later, in August, feudalism and many of the privileges of the nobility and royalty were abolished with the â€Å"Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen,† modeled on America’s Declaration of Independence and seen as a precursor to forming a new constitution. It was clear that major upheaval was underway in France. In some ways, this meant that hopes were high among  the French for a successful change in government, but there was a reason for despair or fear as well. Calls for more radical action were increasing, and many nobles and those who were not French nationals left France, fearing for their fortunes or even their lives. Because of poor harvests for several years, grain was scarce, and the price of bread in Paris had increased beyond the ability of many of the poorer residents to buy it. Sellers also were anxious about the shrinking market for their goods. These uncertainties added to general anxiety. The Crowd Assembles This combination of a bread shortage and high prices angered many French women, who relied on bread sales to make a living. On October 5, one young woman began beating a drum at the market in eastern Paris. More and more women began to gather around her and, before long, a group of them was marching through Paris, gathering a larger crowd as they stormed through the streets. Initially demanding bread, they began, possibly with the involvement of radicals who had joined in the march, to demand arms as well. By the time the marchers arrived at the city hall in Paris, they numbered somewhere between 6,000 and 10,000. They were armed with kitchen knives and many other simple weapons, with some carrying muskets and swords. They seized more weapons at city hall, and also seized the food that they could find there. But they were not satisfied with some food for the day—they wanted the situation of food scarcity to end. Attempts to Calm the March Stanislas-Marie Maillard, who had been a captain and national guardsman and  helped attack the Bastille in July, had joined the crowd. He was well known as a leader among the market women and is  credited with discouraging marchers  from burning down the city hall or any other buildings. The Marquis de Lafayette, meanwhile, was trying to assemble the national guardsmen, who were sympathetic to the marchers. He led some 15,000 troops and a few thousand civilians to Versailles to help guide and protect the women marchers, and, he hoped, keep the crowd from turning into an uncontrollable mob. March to Versailles A new goal began to form among marchers: to bring the king, Louis XVI, back to Paris where he would be responsible to the people, and to the reforms that had begun to be passed earlier. Thus, they would march to the Palace of Versailles and demand that the king respond. When the marchers reached Versailles, after a walk in driving rain, they experienced confusion. Lafayette and Maillard convinced the king to announce his support for the Declaration and the August changes passed in the Assembly. But the crowd did not trust that his queen, Marie Antoinette, would not talk him out of this, as she was known by then to oppose the reforms.  Some of the crowd returned to Paris, but most remained in Versailles. Early the next morning, a small group invaded the palace, attempting to find the queen’s rooms. At least two guards were killed, and their heads were raised on pikes before the fighting in the palace calmed. The Kings Promises When the king was finally convinced by Lafayette to appear before the crowd, he was surprised to be greeted by the traditional â€Å"Vive le Roi!† (Long Live the King!) The crowd then called for the queen, who emerged with two of her children. Some in the crowd called for the children to be removed, and there was fear that the crowd intended to kill the queen. The queen stayed present, and the crowd was apparently moved by her courage and calm. Some even chanted â€Å"Vive la Reine!† (Long Live the Queen!) Return to Paris The crowd now numbered around 60,000, and they accompanied the royal family back to Paris, where the king and queen and their court took up residence at the Tuileries Palace. They ended the march on October 7. Two weeks later, the National Assembly also moved to Paris. Significance of the March The march became a rallying point through the next stages of the Revolution. Lafayette eventually attempted to leave France, as many thought he’d been too soft on the royal family. He was imprisoned and only released by Napoleon in 1797. Maillard remained a hero, but he died in 1794 at age 31. The marchers success in forcing the king to move to Paris and support the reforms was a major turning point in the French Revolution. Their invasion of the palace removed all doubt that the monarchy was subject to the will of the people, and was a major defeat for Frances Ancien Rà ©gime of heredity monarchy. The women who initiated the march were heroines, called â€Å"Mothers of the Nation.†

The Principles Of Homeostasis And The Contribution Of The...

This essay aims to describe the principles of homeostasis, and the contribution of the cardiovascular system to homeostasis. Using the example of congestive heart failure (CHF), the causes and the consequences of a homeostatic imbalance in cardiac output will be explained. Homeostatic principles Homeostasis can generally be defined as the condition in which the body’s internal environment remains relatively constant within physiological limits [1]. This type of equilibrium is dynamic as the body is constantly subject to stimuli, which produce stress responses (stressors). The body’s homeostatic mechanisms therefore act to counter these stressors and return equilibrium within narrow limits that allow the body to maintain life. A key function of every body system is preserving a constant internal environment, which involves maintaining the volume of body fluid. To ensure that body cells function well, homeostasis is required to regulate the composition of extracellular fluid (ECF), for example ECF within blood vessels is blood plasma; in the brain and spinal cord this is cerebrospinal fluid. One third of body water is in the ECF [2], which constitutes the body’s ‘internal environment’. The precise regulation of substances such as glucose, oxyg en, ions and waste such as carbon dioxide is essential to ensure that cells are subject to conditions that are optimum for life. The stressors that the body could be exposed to can either originate from the internal or externalShow MoreRelatedPagbabago Ng Klima8154 Words   |  33 PagesPRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS A. B. C. D. E. F. III. SUMMARY IV. CONCLUSION V. RECOMMENDATION VI. BIBLIOGRAPHY ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This term paper was made into reality with the support of some important people who gave the researcher invaluable contributions, guidance, support, and encouragement which served as his strength and will to pursue this endeavor; To ___________, my instructor in this subject for his suggestions, encouragement, and assistance in making this requirement a presentable one;Read MorePsychology Workbook Essay22836 Words   |  92 Pages retrieved and transformed using â€Å"mental programs†, with the results being behavioral responses. Evolutionary psychology-is focused on the study of how evolution explains physiological processes. Psychologists and researchers take the basic principles of evolution, including natural selection, and apply them to psychological phenomena. This perspective suggests that these mental processes exist because they serve an evolutionary purpose – they aid in survival and reproduction. BiologicalRead MoreNU 545 Unit 2 Essay10921 Words   |  44 Pagesnuclei within brainstem that maintains wakefulness and works in conjunction with the cerebral cortex and together they are known as the reticular activating system. P. 454 - 3 parts of the brain: forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain - Expression of affect (emotional and behavioral states) is mediated by extensive connections with the limbic system and prefrontal cortex. - p. 456 The prefrontal area is responsible for goal oriented behavior (ability to concentrate), short term memory and elaboration

The Case Of Michael Brown s Death - 1102 Words

On August 14, 2014, the infamous case of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, took place. A police officer shot an unarmed black teenager after an incident which was clouded in unclear details. At first, no one really knew whether the officer had been in the right to shoot Brown, or what the circumstances were for either side of the incident. However, eventually, the details started to not matter. The events around Michael Brown’s case became the spark that ignited a nationwide movement to fight against police brutality towards minorities, specifically African Americans. Protesters of police violence toward minorities created a phrase that was used all over the country after Brown’s death: â€Å"hands up, don’t shoot†. Many have used the events behind Brown’s death as a springboard to consider what makes a criminal. One side of the issue claims that race directly affects criminality, while others believe class to be the cause of criminality. After t his case found itself all over media, several other incidents of police violence followed suit. Eric Garner was another such case, in which a man was placed in a non-regulation chokehold by a New York police officer that ultimately took part in his death. Garner was apprehended for selling illegal cigarettes, and attempting to continue walking away when officers tried to stop him. This incident coined the protest phrase â€Å"I can’t breathe†, something that Garner said while in the chokehold. The media was eager to light the fire underShow MoreRelatedRacism : The Black Lives Matter1202 Words   |  5 Pagesand left out in many ways in America s history. This, therefore, has been labeled as racism in today s society. Racism has been and still is an issue in America, lately being spiked by the Black Lives Matter movement. 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With the deaths of individuals like Brown, Freddie Gray, Eric Garner and Tamir Rice, and with the assistance of social media and bias news reporting, as well as high level officials within our social structure, who’s speech and words can carry a large impact on our behaviors, there has been a picture paintedRead MoreLaw Enforcement : The United States Sole Purpose1117 Words   |  5 PagesLabor Statistics. Hundreds of cases have been brought forth of police brutality against African Africans. Though it may seem as if this is a new arising issue in our country, due to the many recent headline stories, it has been a major problem as far back as the 1960s during the civil rights movement. One story that dates back to the 1960s is of a young black man by the name of Fred Hampton (1948- 1969) who was a victim of police brutality. In 1968, after the death of Martin Luther King Jr., Hampton

Accounting Theory Flagship Company

Question: Discuss about theAccounting Theory for Flagship Company. Answer: Introduction The flagship company and the proud of German work culture in the segment of automotive industry, Volkswagen had faced the worst hit during its long 78 years tenure of manufacturing of vehicles in the form of cars. The company had faced it in 2014 which posed the worst threats to the existence of the company by culture while they were detected of with the violation of emission of green gas from their vehicles at US. This incident has direct impact on the companys self esteemed ego of outstanding confidence and leader of the market. The abnormal signs of the products of the company had been first found by a non-profit organization named International Council on Clean Transportation but the same dilemma was existed since long, even since decades. This had not been exposed by the official of the company for the purpose of defusing the test of emission. The test, when made, had been failed disastrously to comply the US clean air standards as per the parameter fixed by the authority. After detection of the same, the same had been taken to the notice of the company management but none had accepted the awareness of the facts. Ultimately the issue had been notified through a memo to Mr. Winterkorn, the CEO of Volkswagen of that time which was with the content of the abnormalities of the emission of the cars in 2014, but the company had not lent their ears to this fact and reluctantly insisted on the old practice of manufacturing of cars with the defeat devices till the last of the year of 2014. In the month of June, 2014, the German prosecutors had declared that Mr. Wintrekorn had been put under vigilance for the purpose of investigation of the wrong practices adopted by the company to manufacture and place their vehicles in the market and had not initiated any steps to announce that the company was in the process of facing the inquiry relating to this scandal. At the same time, a civil complaint had also been lodged at New York by the attorney general against Mr. Matth ias Muller; the current CEO of the company regarding this scandal and with this, the level of investigation had touched the highest level of Volkswagen management (GUILBERT GATES, 2016). Body Possible accounting issues to be faced by Volkswagen As per the literature of Parker, Guthrie Linacre, 2011, emphasized in the subject of impact of accounting system on corporate activities with the measurement of its positivity or negativity observed the changes of transformation has the ability to make certain effects from micro changes in the attitudinal approach and the respective practices connected to the specific changes in the area of fixation of policy. These changes may happen in the domain of Corporate Social Responsibility of that company or found in the aspects of behavior or attitude in the outlook driven by professionalism to safeguard the interest of stakeholders in respect of equality or diversity(Parker, 2011). This specific incident had been named as defeat device of Volkswagen and it may create impact in the issues related to accounting of the company while considering the replenishment of the damages is concerned along with the valuation of intangible asset in the form of goodwill of the company. There are other direct impacts in the form of expenses to be incurred by the company for the purpose of repairing and maintaining of the cars with defeat device causing the emission scandal with other reciprocal steps like buy back option and cash payment for the purpose of replenishing the damages which had been amounted to the tune of US $ 14.07 billion to different stakeholders like Environmental Protection Agency, to name one of them(EWING, 2013). Role of Stakeholders The stakeholders play a major role for running the business. The stakeholders are of tow types, internal and external. Internal stakeholders are the employees of the company while the external stakeholders comprises of the supply chain associates, customers, the government and all other identities which are allied to this company. Volkswagen has a big range of stakeholders the management of whom is with diversified stakeholders organization which endorses its product and services to meet the expectation of them to add value with the bigger area of relationship between the company and the stake holders. There are external stakeholders in the forms of analysts, investors talents, customers, neighbors, competitors, suppliers, business associates, public authorities and non governmental organizations (Volkswagen, 2013). To discuss the way the stakeholders got affected, we have to realize the different stakeholders and their role in the company and then only we will be able to understand how they are going to be affected. The internal stakeholders like employees would face the impact of being demoralized with the incident which actually raised question on the integrity of the company with its policy. The external stakeholders like the analysts will find the impact on the financial aspect of the company and analyze them with pre and post facto the incident. They will derive the result how the company got affected with the fiasco in the share market and with their financial reports. The global customer base will loose their confidence and trust on the company and its products and gradually leave the brand. The supply chain associates are more concerned with the bunch of ancillary industries attached to this company. In nut shell the company and its stakeholders will loose the bondage which was there since 78 years of inception. Motive of Volkswagen The management knew this scandal since long but they had not reacted by taking the remedial measures just because they were under tremendous pressure to perform their sales as the company had made marketing drive in the US for the cars made by Volkswagen to generate optimum level of turnover with subsequent revenue and profit. (Hotten, 2015) Accounting Theories of Volkswagen The fiasco of defeat device by Volkswagen had no direct impact with the accounting principle because this is the decision of the production management. But the accounting professional of the company cant deny their role in this aspect as they are supposed to highlight the issue to the stakeholders regarding the process management of the fiasco along with the implication of financial aspects to make them enable about the future action in this regard. The accounting theories known as IFRS, Rookies were able to develop the International Accounting Standard IAS 37. This is active in the domain of provision making, creation of contingent liabilities, and assets. This accounting theory is proved to be instrumental to help Volkswagen to define its scandal by determining its losses which needs subsequent provisions from the reserves they have to make to combat the problem in the perspective of financial accounting of Volkswagen. (IFRS, 2016). Steps to be Taken by Volkswagen As per IFRS Rookies IAS 37, the following steps are to be taken by the management: Identifying the economic event Notifying the same to the stakeholders Anticipating the impact of the event Identifying the financial concepts to combat this event. Discuss the improvement of the issue Determination of the non-alignment of the concept with principles Derive the minimum disclosure (IFRS, 2016). Compare and Contrast of Accounting Theories There are two types of methods on which the accounting theories are made- deductive and inductive methods. The deductive methods starts from application of accounting principles and reach the outcome which seems to be logical while inductive theory starts from findings and measurement to have the conclusion of generalized outcome. In this case, the application of inductive method should be applied which wills tart from the derived loss and then take proper steps to make the stakeholders comfortable.(scribd, 2015) Theory and Practice Theory and Practice The theory is being tested through three different process for its applicability- dogmatic, self evidence and scientific. Out of these three, the scientific approach will be th best option to justify the accounting theory by applying IAS 37 of IFRS Rookies as it provides the framework of scientific background, so that it can be considered as the most applicable theory. (scribd, 2015). Conclusion The happening of the Volkswagen scandal had put the company in a high level of humiliation of its corporate status is concerned. The company ahs to reinstate the old status to bring the stakeholders trust and confidence through the application of proper accounting theory which is suitable to match the need of the company with successful implication of the same. References EWING, H. T. (2013). Volkswagen to Pay $14.7 Billion to Settle Diesel Claims in U.S. The New York Times . Guilbert Gates, J. E. (2016). Explaining Volkswagens Emissions Scandal. The New York Times . Hotten, R. (2015). Volkswagen: The scandal explained. Retrieved September 15, 2016 IFRS. (2016). Our Teaching Philosphy. Retrieved September 15, 2016, from https://www.ifrsrookies.com/teaching-philosophy.html Parker, G. . (2011). Accounting for Impact?: Accounting research engaging with business, practice and the profession. CPAC , 7. scribd. (2015). Introduction to Accounting Theory. Retrieved September 15, 2016, from https://www.scribd.com/doc/19010247/Accounting-theories-and-practices Volkswagen. (2013). sustainabilityreport2013. Retrieved September 15, 2016, from https://sustainabilityreport2013.volkswagenag.com/strategy/stakeholder-management

Booker T. Washington Essays (542 words) - American Slaves

Booker T. Washington Booker T. Washington was the first African American whose likeness appeared on a United States postage stamp. Washington also was thus honored a quarter century after his death. In 1946 he also became the first black with his image on a coin, a 50-cent piece. The Tuskegee Institute, which Washington started at the age of 25, was the where the 10-cent stamps first were available. The educator's monument on its campus shows him lifting a symbolic veil from the head of a freed slave. Booker Taliaferro Washington was born a slave on April 5, 1856, in Franklin County, Va. His mother, Jane Burroughs, was a plantation cook. His father was an unknown white man. As a child, Booker swept yards and brought water to slaves working in the fields. Freed after the American Civil War, he went with his mother to Malden, W. Va., to join Washington Ferguson, whom she had married during the war. At about age 16 Booker set out for Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute, which had been established by the chief of the Freedmen's Bureau to educate former slaves. He walked much of the way, working to earn the fare to complete the long, dusty journey to Virginia. For his admission test he repeatedly swept and dusted a classroom, and he was able to earn his board by working as a janitor. After graduation three years later he taught in Malden and at Hampton. A former slave who had become a successful farmer, and a white politician in search of the Negro vote in Macon County obtained financial support for a training school for blacks in Tuskegee, Ala. When the board of commissioners asked the head of Hampton to send a principal for their new school, they had expected the principal to be white. Instead Washington arrived in June 1881. He began classes in July with 30 students in a shanty donated by a black church. Later he borrowed money to buy an abandoned plantation nearby and moved the school there. By the time of his death in Tuskegee in 1915 the institute had some 1,500 students, more than 100 well-equipped buildings, and a large faculty. Washington believed that blacks could promote their constitutional rights by impressing Southern whites with their economic and moral progress. He wanted them to forget about political power and concentrate on their farming skills and learning industrial trades. Brickmaking, mattress making, and wagon building were among the courses Tuskegee offered. Its all-black faculty included the famous agricultural scientist George Washington Carver. The open controversy over acceptable black leadership dated from 1895, when Washington was invited to address a white audience at the Cotton States and International Exposition in Atlanta, Ga. While emphasizing the importance of economic advancement to blacks, he repeatedly used the paraphrase, "Cast down your bucket where you are." Some blacks were incensed by his comment, "The wisest among my race understand that the agitation of questions of social equality is the extremest folly." Others feared that the enemies of equal rights were encouraged by his promise, "In all things that are purely social we can be as separate as the fingers, yet one as the hand in all things essential to mutual progress."

Hamlet Quotes Explained

Hamlet Quotes Explained Hamlet is one of the most quoted (and most parodied) plays by William Shakespeare. The play is well-known for its powerful quotations about corruption, misogyny, and death. Yet, despite the grim subject matter, Hamlet is also famous for the dark humor, clever witticisms, and catchy phrases we still repeat today. Quotes About Corruption Something is rotten in the state of Denmark.(Act I, Scene 4) Spoken by Marcellus, a palace soldier, this familiar Shakespeare line is often quoted on cable TV news. The expression implies a suspicion that someone in power is corrupt. The scent of decay is a metaphor for a breakdown in morality and social order. Marcellus exclaims that something is rotten when a ghost appears outside the castle. Marcellus warns Hamlet not to follow the ominous apparition, but Hamlet insists. He soon learns that the ghost is the spirit of his dead father and that evil has overtaken the throne. Marcellus statement is important because it foreshadows the tragic events that follow. Although not significant to the story, its also interesting to note that for Elizabethan audiences, Marcellus line is a crude pun: rotten references the smell of flatulence. Symbols of rot and decay waft through Shakespeares play. The ghost describes a [m]urder most foul and a strange, and unnatural marriage. Hamlets power-hungry uncle, Claudius, has murdered Hamlets father, the king of Denmark and (in a deed considered incestuous) has married Hamlets mother, Queen Gertrude. The rottenness goes beyond murder and incest. Claudius has broken the royal bloodline, disrupted the monarchy, and shattered the divine rule of law. Because the new head of state is rotten as a dead fish, all of Denmark decays. In a confused thirst for revenge and an inability to take action, Hamlet appears to go mad. His love-interest, Ophelia, suffers a complete mental breakdown and commits suicide. Gertrude is killed by Claudius and Claudius is stabbed and poisoned by Hamlet. The notion that sin has an odor is echoed in Act III, Scene 3, when Claudius exclaims, O! my offence is rank, it smells to heaven. By the end of the play, all of the lead characters have died from the rot that Marcellus perceived in Act I.   Quotes About Misogyny Heaven and earth,Must I remember? Why, she would hang on himAs if increase of appetite had grownBy what it fed on, and yet, within a month - Let me not think ont - Frailty, thy name is woman! - (Act I, Scene 2) Theres no doubt that Prince Hamlet is sexist, possessing the Elizabethan attitudes toward women found in many of Shakespeares plays. However, this quote suggests that he is also a misogynist (someone who hates women). In this soliloquy, Hamlet expresses disgust over the behavior of his widowed mother, Queen Gertrude. Gertrude once doted on Hamlets father, the king, but after the kings death, she hastily married his brother, Claudius. Hamlet rails against his mothers sexual appetite and her apparent inability to remain loyal to his father. Hes so upset that he breaks the formal metrical pattern of blank verse. Rambling beyond the traditional 10-syllable line-length, Hamlet cries, Frailty, thy name is woman! Frailty, they name is woman! is also an apostrophe. Hamlet addresses frailty as though speaking to a human being. Today, this Shakespeare quote is often adapted for humorous effect. For example, in a 1964 episode of Bewitched, Samantha tells her husband, Vanity, they name is human. In the animated TV show The Simpsons, Bart exclaims, Comedy, thy name is Krusty.   Theres nothing lighthearted about Hamlets accusation, however. Consumed with rage, he seems to wallow in deep-seated hatred. Hes not simply angry at his mother. Hamlet lashes out at the entire female sex, proclaiming all women weak and fickle. Later in the play, Hamlet turns his fury on Ophelia. Get thee to a nunnery: why wouldst thou be abreeder of sinners? I am myself indifferent honest;but yet I could accuse me of such things that itwere better my mother had not borne me: I am veryproud, revengeful, ambitious, with more offenses atmy beck than I have thoughts to put them in,imagination to give them shape, or time to act themin. What should such fellows as I do crawlingbetween earth and heaven? We are arrant knaves,all; believe none of us. Go thy ways to a nunnery.(Act III, Scene 1) Hamlet seems to totter on the brink of insanity in this tirade. He once claimed that he loved Ophelia, but now he rejects her for reasons that arent clear. He also describes himself as an awful person: proud, revengeful, ambitious. In essence, Hamlet is saying, Its not you, its me. He tells Ophelia to go to a nunnery (a convent of nuns) where she will remain chaste and never give birth to arrant knaves (complete villains) like himself. Perhaps Hamlet wants to shelter Ophelia from the corruption that has infested the kingdom and from the violence thats sure to come. Perhaps he wants to distance himself from her so that he can focus on avenging his fathers death. Or perhaps Hamlet is so poisoned with anger that hes no longer capable of feeling love. In Elizabethan English, nunnery is also slang for brothel. In this sense of the word, Hamlet condemns Ophelia as a wanton, duplicitous female like his mother. Regardless of his motives, Hamlets rebuke contributes to Ophelias mental breakdown and eventual suicide. Many feminist scholars argue that Ophelias fate illustrates the tragic consequences of a patriarchal society. Quotes About Death To be, or not to be: that is the question:Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortuneOr to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them? - To die, - to sleep, - No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heartache, and the thousand natural shocksThat flesh is heir to, - ’tis a consummationDevoutly to be wish’d. To die, to sleep;To sleep, perchance to dream - ay,  theres the rub:For in that sleep of death what dreams may come...(Act III, Scene 1) These morose lines from Hamlet introduce one of the most memorable soliloquies in the English language. Prince Hamlet is preoccupied with themes of mortality and human frailty. When he ponders [t]o be, or not to be, hes weighing life (to be) versus death (not to be). The parallel structure presents an antithesis, or a contrast, between two opposing ideas. Hamlet theorizes that its noble to live and fight against troubles. But, he argues, its also desirable (a consummation devoutly to be wishd) to flee misfortune and heartache. He uses the phrase to sleep as a metonymy to characterize the slumber of death. Hamlets speech seems to explore the pros and cons of suicide. When he says theres the rub, he means theres the drawback. Perhaps death will bring hellish nightmares. Later in the long soliloquy, Hamlet observes that fear of consequences and the unknown- the undiscovered country- makes us bear our sorrows rather than seek escape. Thus, he concludes, conscience does make cowards of us all. In this context, the word conscience means conscious thought. Hamlet isnt really talking about suicide, but about his inability to take action against the sea of troubles in his kingdom. Confused, indecisive, and hopelessly philosophical, he ponders whether he should kill his murderous uncle Claudius. Widely quoted and often misinterpreted, Hamlets [t]o be, or not to be soliloquy has inspired writers for centuries. Hollywood film director Mel Brooks referenced the famous lines in his World War II comedy, To Be or Not to Be. In a 1998 film, What Dreams May Come, actor Robin Williams meanders through the afterlife and tries to unravel tragic events. Countless other Hamlet references have made their way into books, stories, poems, TV shows, video games, and even comic strips like Calvin and Hobbes.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Dark Humor Quotes Laughter in the midst of death isnt a modern idea. Even in his darkest tragedies, Shakespeare incorporated cutting wit. Throughout Hamlet, the tedious busy-body Polonius spouts aphorisms, or snippets of wisdom, that come off as silly and trite: Neither a borrower nor a lender be;For loan oft loses both itself and friend,And borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry.This above all: to thine own self be true,And it must follow, as the night the day,(Act I, Scene 3) Buffoons like Polonius provide dramatic foils for the brooding Hamlet, illuminating Hamlets character and highlighting his anguish. While Hamlet philosophizes and mulls, Polonius makes trite pronouncements. When Hamlet accidentally kills him in Act III, Polonius states the obvious: O, I am slain! Similarly, two clownish gravediggers provide comic relief during a painfully ironic churchyard scene. Laughing and shouting crude jokes, they toss rotting skulls into the air. One of the skulls belongs to Yorick, a beloved court jester who died long ago. Hamlet takes the skull and, in one of his most famous monologues, contemplates the transience of life. Alas, poor Yorick! I knew him, Horatio: a fellowof infinite jest, of most excellent fancy: he hathborne me on his back a thousand times; and now, howabhorred in my imagination it is! my gorge rims atit. Here hung those lips that I have kissed I knownot how oft. Where be your gibes now? yourgambols? your songs? your flashes of merriment,that were wont to set the table on a roar?(Act V, Scene 1) The grotesque and absurd image of Hamlet addressing a human skull has become an enduring meme, posted on Facebook and parodied in cartoons, TV shows, and films. For example, in the Star Wars episode, The Empire Strikes Back, Chewbacca imitates Hamlet when he lifts the head of a droid. While prompting laughter, Yoricks skull is also a gruesome reminder of the underlying themes of death, decay, and insanity in Shakespeares play. The image is so compelling that a dying pianist once bequeathed his own head to the Royal Shakespeare Company. The skull was removed, cleaned and, in 1988, put to service. The actors used the skull in 22 performances of Hamlet before deciding that the prop was too real- and too disturbing. Sources Hamlet. Folger Shakespeare Library, www.folger.edu/hamlet. Hamlet in Pop Culture. Hartford Stage, www.hartfordstage.org/stagenotes/hamlet/pop-culture.Heymont, George. â€Å"Somethings Rotten in the State of Denmark.† The Huffington Post, TheHuffingtonPost.com, 12 June 2016, www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/somethings-rotten-in-the-state-of-denmark_us_575d8673e4b053e219791bb6.Ophelia and Madness. Folger Shakespeare Library. 26 May 2010, www.youtube.com/watch?vMhJWwoWCD4wfeatureyoutu.be.Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark: Open Source Shakespeare, Eric M. Johnson, www.opensourceshakespeare.org/views/plays/playmenu.php?WorkIDhamlet.  Women In Hamlet. elsinore.ucsc.edu/women/WomenOandH.html.

Does Kant Adequatly Address the Problems Evident in the Controversy Essay

Does Kant Adequatly Address the Problems Evident in the Controversy between Empiricism and Rationalism - Essay Example According to Kant, the difference (dispute) that emerges between rationalism and empiricism is the level in which we are dependent on sense experience in order for us to gain and acquire knowledge. Rationalists claim that, very independent we gain knowledge and ideas (Kenny 45-46). This independent way of gaining concepts as it is own sense experience. Empiricists claim on the other side that sense experience is the final source of all our knowledge and ideals. When empiricists say that we are only able to access appearances, they are not saying that we only have access to illusory representations. To some level denying some confidence in their explanations, in this case, they ought to have been clear on this matter. Nonetheless, for Kant, appearances can, and in fact do, provide us with the ground for knowledge on facts and ideas (Kenny 48). To him the mind is the source of experience and knowledge, Descartes (1988). This is the concept, according to Kant, the concept of pure of cat egories. This is particularly clear in the sense that the mind makes contributions to experiences (Descartes 123). The mind plays a significant role and imposes on experience certain categories that make knowledge possible. In this case when Kant says that we cannot know the thing in itself he does not only mean that reality is inaccessible but also that we cannot experience anything outside in the way human mind operates Ann (1970). And from this explanation it is not a wrong concept, â€Å"but it justifies how human beings acquire knowledge† (Anne 90). Now, we have a look science and advancements in knowledge, it is evident that we have knowledge; Kant would never have denied it. Rationalist, in real sense have developed the argument in two ways. They say that there are circumstances when the content embodied in knowledge outstrips the information that can be provided in the real life experience. Also, they have build in some way, that reason in some form provides informati on and knowledge to the world. Empiricists, in this case provide some additional information of knowledge thought about the world (Kenny 50). Empiricists provide a sum up of lines and levels of thought. In that case they establish on accounts of how learning and experience provides on the information that rationalist provide, which according to Kant we have so far. According to Kant Empiricists will in most cases opt for skepticism as a lope to rationalism, Ann (1970). The say that if then experience cannot provide concepts or knowledge the rationalist cite, they then in that case do not have. In that case according to Kant, â€Å"empiricists attack the rationalists on accounts of how reason is a source of concepts and knowledge†. According to Kant, rationalist focus on what they call necessary truth. By this they articulate that some things are necessary true. Kant points that the simplest form of truth is the self-evident truth. In that regard, Kant says, that you even do n ot have to think. He illustrates that for instance as a simple calculation; one plus one, the answer is two Descartes (1988). This to him you do not have through the world to necessarily count this in order to prove it. Kant says that this is something you ought to believe that one plus one, the answer is two (Descartes 124). One of the criticisms that empiricists would set-forward is that, one plus one is two, is a mere trivial. It is tautological, suggesting it is true, certain, but not because it is not self

Price bubble Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 16

Price bubble - Essay Example literatures have already emphasized that financial asset markets showed price bubble as an existing phenomenon that shorts selling opportunities, limits price change rules and margins buying opportunities etc. In laboratory marketing analysis, conducted as out-of-class computerized microeconomic theory markets, it has been observed that price is more likely to be bubbled above intrinsic value and then crashed back to intrinsic value too. Price in the third laboratory market also tended to be intrinsic more accurately that sought to have a common price expectation with an asset share. The above mentioned market-laboratory experiment was very important because it has been able to address the potentially critical issues regarding the price bubble and how it is robust to various factors like, 1) substantial increase in group size, 2) inter-trader information existing outside laboratory privacy, 3) non-monetary reward structure etc. The market experiments have used a cash reward system wh ereby small markets with around fifteen traders watching the phenomenon in the market-laboratory. The price bubble phenomenon has resulted consistently with cash-reward, small group and strict privacy lab experiment for little experienced traders. The computerized market laboratory experiment highlighted that people are ready to buy assets at very high prices, though the accurate reason is quite unknown, it has been detailed that those who buy in such high prices perhaps gain profits from such doings by earning dividends or by selling to others. An interesting outcome of the experiment was the approximation of risk-neutral expectation market equilibrium, which was due to that traders in all three model markets began to learn that common market price expectation that is from their expected dividend earning with asset shares.

Political Philosophy and Human Beings Essay Example for Free

Political Philosophy and Human Beings Essay Freedom is generally term we use to talk about politics in our society nowadays. Eudaimonia is not a freedom but it betrays a more general difference in the way Aristotle approaches different societies. Eduaimonia is a biological concept with â€Å"your life going well† With your naturally attributes being fully developed. It is not a matter of your mood. If you ask if someone is flourishing it is more than if they are happy it is are they becoming everything they can be. Are they exercising all of their abilities? Freedom doesn’t have anyting to do with success. Freedoms for Aristotle is part of eudaimonia. Eudaimonia is a collection of goods. You need material things and good luck and freedom and food and water. Pg. 258 Aristotle says eudaimonia is a STATE OF ACTIVITY. VERY IMPORTANT. It is not just well being but also well doing. You’re a Eudaimonistic person only if you enact the activities of a eudaimonistic person. You cant be a good citizen or a happy citizen if you just have rights. You have to exercise these rights. Some kind of activity. Different activities in different cities because different cities have different rules and constitutions. Citizenship is a kind of doing. Citizens have function. The activity of citizens is that which supports the constitution of the city or state or polis which they are apart. The point of the polis is not just living but to have a good life. A good life that combines the success of the individual with the success of a whole. It is always in motion and an activity. Book 3 chapter 9 a polis is not the same thing as an alliance. You cant take any political agreement between 2 or 3 cities and make them one city. Only human beings because they have language Aristotle says can make moral judgments. Not like animals judge where the food is but more complex judgments. Page 10 and 11. Our language is capable of making distinctions that aren’t only physical. Aristotle claims animals don’t make moral judgments. Language and justice are immediately linked to the function of the polis. Our capacity to speak to one another is what makes us political. It is one function of the polis to define good and evil. To come to collective understanding of what is good and what is bad. Human beings have the capacity to debate and judge differently which also means judge badly and judge well. This judging is a kind of activity. It is the business of cities. Even households do in their choosing how to live together. Aristotles discussion of households and cities. Human beings in two principle ways. The member of a lesser whole the household and the member of a larger whole which is the polis Both having ruling parts and ruled parts. Polis Definition of a citizen :one who shares in the administration of justice in the holding of office. He doesn’t say what the office is to incorporate all the states in the Greek world. Some monarchies where people who don’t hold office who are still considered citizens. NOW-A citizen is someone who is a legal candidate for office even if they don’t hold an office at that specific time. Aristotle says if you have that one person who is qualified to be king either you have to make him king or get rid of him. When Aristotle gives the best govt he says different kinds of government are beter for some circumstances. If city is under attack it may be smarter to give control to one person to make all the decisions so there is no confusion. The circumstance of the not so rich not so poor with some allies and some opponents. BEST THING in this situation is to have a middle class that can alternate from ruling and being ruled. He means people who aren’t to rich and aren’t to poor. The poor are to desperate and greedy so they don’t want to consider what is good for everyone. The rich just want to boss everyone around and want charge. The polis is the one compound that can be self-concious about its situation and a ruled and a ruling element. If were ruling we might enjoy it to much so this could be a problem. If we are part of the ruled we might resent being ordered around. Human organization is like animal organization but it also has a special problem and a special solution. The best thing is someone who can understand both ruling and being ruled. That is why the middle class would be best for the position. They understand both sides. Aristotle thinks even in a family they are not totally conscious of their situation. A bee hive has a quen bee but the bee doesn’t know she is in charge and the other bees don’t mind not being in charge it just is what it is. Polity like the Athenian system is best because everyone takes a share in ruling and being ruled. They drew names out of a hat for rule and you were part of ruling if you were pulled in the hat. The city was small enough so over the course of your lifetime almost everyone could be assured to be the ruler of the city. Most of your life you were in the other position of being ruled. This is the best in most condition or the average condition. If one person comes along and seem the best to rule and will give eudaimonia for everyone then they should rule but it happens very rarely. HOUSEHOLD AND SLAVERY The household for Aristotle is another form of social compound like the polis but on a smaller scale. Will have a ruling and a ruled element. Aristotle knows in advance because there is always a ruling and a ruled element he knows what to look for so it is not surprising when he looks in a household he finds these two things. Aristotle’s perspective the adult male in a household rules and everyone else is subordinate to that position. All of the households Aristotle could see were dominated by men and for the most part were slave holding. Some period when individuals are not best in charge of their own lives. (children) Discussion 2/7/14 Aristotle is more concerned with the practical sort of things plato was thinking about how it should be. Aristotle sees the ruler and ruled everywhere. Phone- Sound and voice or pleasure and pain which pertains to animals like a cat screeching or a wolf howling. Logos- is speech and reason and judgment and language. Language and judgment go hand in hand. This is A PART OF BEING HUMAN. 4/10/14 Lecture Notes Hobbes considered by many to be first modern political theorist. Hobbes in politics in conservative for his time and place but his methods are very very radical. HOBBES AND ARISTOTLE Hobbes is opposite of Aristotle. Aristotle learned about politics through observation. He observed nature and looked at how it was replicated towards ourselves. Aristotle thinks all natural beings have a telos which is a natural end. A TELOS is something you are destined for not just death. Hobbes participated in scientific debate when he moved to paris. Attempt like aristotles to approach politics through nature. HOBBES IDEA of what nature is and how you study are so different from aristotles. The state is an artificial animal says hobbes. What you learn about the natural world will not tell you everything and not the most important things about politics and state. The art of man is like the art of god. Look on the political world as a creation but as a human creation making an artificial animal. Study human beings alongside other animals. To Hobbes the state is something radically different from animal congregations and it DOESN’T HAVE TO BE MADE unlike animals. If it is unmade it is chaos and war. Like the England he had to run away from because of civil war. States are not a part of nature. Aristotle says the state is a natural formation and is suppose to be there. For Hobbes this is not true. WHEN HUMAN BEINGS ENTER INTO A STATE NATURE IS WHAT WE LEAVE BEHIND. Human beings were in an unpolitical state before the state which to Hobbes is the state of nature. We were in a previous condition before the state which is nature to hobbes. To Aristotle everything is nature and human beings are always part of the natural world. Aristotles method is human beings are natural and politics and states were natural so he was going around to all different ones to figure out what they had in common. This makes no sense to Hobbes. No state of any kind is natural to Hobbes. Human beings Hobbes says clearly are made by nature and have natural characteristics that human beings have. To Hobbes the people inside the artificial state still have those natural characteristics. You cant leave your body behind to make the state. If states are artificial we can make them how we want. Not aristotles naturally idea of 3-6 types. Hobbes’s theory is sort of liberating but also terrifying. No guarantee we are safe. We are not born into a natural order. If there isn’t an order that we make we wont make it very long. Hobbes’s modern science including distrust of the senses. Hobbes is skeptical of our sensory perception and the ability of our senses to tell us the truth. Sensations clearly come from the natural world but we don’t know exactly where it is coming from. If we know our senses deceive us in some cases we cant be sure they don’t always deceive us. PLATO ALSO DISTRUSTED THE SENSES AND ALSO LIKED GEOMETRY LIKE HOBBES AND EUCLIDIAN GEOMETRY. Plato thinks we can reach some sort of reason and perceive it correctly. Hobbes is not interested in this. Pg. 4(chapter 1) Deviathlon Information we get through introspection can be trusted. Whoever looks into himself and considers what he does when he thinks of reasons hopes and fear. The only way to know humans and to have secure knowledge is to look into yourself. What you find when you look into yourself is good information to everybody else. When I understanding what im doing when I hope then I understand what youre doing when you hope even if they are different hopes. Same thing with fear. THAT FOR HOBBES IS SECURE STARTING POINT FOR SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE TO START POLITICS. Chapter 11-No Telos meaning no teleology don’t study human beings or any part of nature by postulating there is some final ending for them and thinking we can find a way to get them there. Hobbes sees once you get something you want you find something else you want and so on and so on. Like calicles. (from another reading calicles is) Hobbes found this through his own introspection. Hobbes knows his desires are different others but he knows their desire for those things are the same. And he knows that he isn’t satisfied when he gets what he wants so he knows others are the same way. Hobbes doesn’t mean human beings all seek political power but like calicles the power to get what you want. Being able to arrange the world the way you like it. This for hobbes is what is natural. Not a natural ending but a natural beginning. Putting things into motion. Sees it as a physicist. Putting the world into motion. Hobbes says individuals have desires those desires set them in motion and once they are set in motion they don’t tend to stop. Humans are particles seeking what they want with other particles (people) in the way not always getting what we want. Its not just politics to Hobbes that are artificial. Many other things are artificial that aristotles thought was natural. MOST IMPORTANTLY IS SPEECH. (ARISTOTLE SAID SPEECH WAS THE DEFINING NATURAL CHARECTERISITC OF HUMAN BEINGS. HUMANS ARE THE ANIMALS WITH THE NATURAL QUALITY OF SPEAKING AND REASON FOR ARISTOTLE. ) Just about everything except our desires are artificial to Hobbes. Speech is an invention. Hobbes says almost every moral conclusion you want to make you will make it through speech which human beings made up so it doesn’t tell us anything. Chapter 4. All moral truths from Hobbes sense are well constructed senses. We have arranged the terms to lineup. The definition the words line up and make sense so it is true and we can define it. CHAPTER 6- GOOD AND EVIL People disagree not because they make mistakes about reasoning which plato would say they disagree because they have different preferences. They see good and evil through their own preferences. You nor I will worship to persuade each other to what we see fit. What does this mean for politics? Calicles who also thought good and evil were words that people made up. Calicles also thought people were better than others. He thought letting nature work itself out was letting the powerful people dominate the weak. HOBBES THINKS PEOPLE ARE NATURALLY EQUALLY. That doesn’t mean they are equally smart or large or strong or weak. We don’t have equal desires wehave different desires. All Hobbes means by natural equality is that everyone of us is vulnerable to being killed by others. No human being is strong enough by themselves to secure themselves physically to secure themselves from others. WE ARE PHYSICALLY VULNERABLE MOST ESPECIALLY TO ONE ANOTHER. Human beings are born with physical desires and need power and security to help you get your desires. We live in a world with no system we are destined to be apart of like Aristotle thought. We don’t settle our differences by appealing to a natural order or moral principles through reason that plato thought we could all agree on. Moral conceptual political conflicts make the world a dangerous place because if you want catholocism you want it for others not just like chocolate which is for you. Fundamentally human beings are bodies in motion. We will not stop unless we come up against counterveiling force. The state of nature is the war of everyman against everyman. Chaos terror and war. We cannot look to nature to solve our problems because nature is the problem. We are each born with set of desires which are not in agreement with others. THIS IS POLITICAL PROBLEM WHAT IS THE SOLUTION. Reason and justice are just words we need a counter force. Something to bring order to a naturally chaotic system. We need something to make all the particles move in the same direction. The sword signifies the power of the state for Hobbes. There is a solution that has to be imposed just because we are so different. Hobbes understand just how different everyone is and that is a problem. How can you handle the individuality of everyone and make them stop killing eachother when they are left in their natural condition. MUST SET UP A RULE AND GET THEM TO OBEY. We need an incentive that is greater than our natural impulsion of our own desires. Everyone should have their greatest desire being staying alive. So we can enjoy the chocolate or vanilla. We will never enjoy anything in this world unless we are alive. LECTURE 2/12/14 Hobbes In nature there is a lack of agreement, trust and language. Life at the state of nature is solitary or nasty brutish and short to hobbes. The problem is fear and the solution is fear. We fear our own death that is good because then we all know we have that in common. It is rational to want to cooperate with other people but you can be tricked or betrayed. We also fear that other people wont perform their contracts. The solution will have to be some sort of unity. Pg. 132 chapter 17 You want to do whats right and you want to agree with other people but they may not cooperate. If you fear other people the leader will take that fear away and make you fear him. You will know everyone equally fears the sovereign and the consequences for non-agreement so they all have reason to agree. Now you fear death from the sovereign but maybe not as much from other people so now you can make agreements with one another. The sword hangs over all your covenants with one another. No conflilct for hobbes about being afraid and being free. You are in a position to be liberated from the fear of fellow human beings and the state of nature by entering the commonwealth or the artificial state. All you have to do is give up your will to one man or one group of men. Hobbes thinks its more efficient to have one man do it but it can be a group. Where there is disagreement there is distrust and when there is distrust there is violence and war. By all of us agreeing to let one person speak then when he speaks that’s it he has spoken for all of us. Even if we have disagreements it doesn’t matter politically he has spoken and that is it. The existence of the leviathan allows us to make deals and agreements with one another about property etc†¦ We need a form of agreement that ends the problem so we can live in a fundamentally functioning artificial state. We can create an object of mutual equal simultaneous fear. If you can create a state that equally and simultaneously threatens everyone with terrible penalties when they break the law you create the possibility of law which doesn’t exist in the state of nature. It is not a social covenant that protects your rights. It is about a govt protecting your body and your life. Not your rights. You fear govt because it has tremendous power but you are glad it does because it keeps everyone else in line and for yourself you know what to do. If you are a good person in the first place nothing is necessarily being taken away. Yes there is a sword over your head but it brings a situation you wanted anyway. Pg. 170 â€Å"liberty of the subject lies in the silence of the laws† In nature you had the right to anything as far as hobbes was concerned. By placing everybody’s rights in one central place you get back security. Law for hobbes is prohibition. Thou, shall, not kill steal etc†¦ Law and rights are opposite. The more rights you have the less law the more law the less rights. Punishments don’t need to be frequent and laws don’t need to be harsh. Whatever the leviathan does not prohibit you are as free as the state of nature to do what you want to do. The sovereign needs to equally enforce in fear the violation of the law across a wide range of territory. The sovereign does need to be absolute. Pg. 132 ch. 17 – If the sovereign is not absolute the problem is not solved. Without a unity of will the problem isn’t solved that’s why the sovereign needs to make all the laws. Also the sovereign needs to control all doctrines. Leviathan doesn’t care what you think or believe it only cares what you say because it gets them riled up and people think they know whats right which leads them to cause problems. Is it bad to have gov’t control whats printed and distributed? Hobbes thinks its better than civil war. Hobbes thought everyone who had experienced the terror of civil war and everyman against everyman would take the leviathan. The foundation of this is the fact that we all want to live. What threatens leviathan? Competition, diffidence and glory. Diffidence is hobbes word for distrust. Glory and what hobbes sometimes calls vain glory is different because it pertains to a different type of good. Some materially desires can be solved without much difficulty like air and water. If we all want land that is a bit of a problem. We can solve that problem with a law telling us what land we get. It is a clear solution it solves the problem if we have a sword that is good enough. Being famous, being important, being well known, being socially eminent and prominent. Those are things that cannot easily be settled by law. Although laws can help them. Land food water air can be distributed but winning cant be distributed. Only one person can win. Only one person can be prime minister etc†¦ Not everyone can be a movie star because if everyone was nobody would be. Most people are happy with air water and food and land but some people want to be special and these for hobbes are the most dangerous people because some want glory so bad they will risk their lives for it. Some people want what they want even to the point of death. Antigone is someone who cares about something to the point where she is willing to give up her life for it. The antigones to hobbes are the most dangerous people. They are dangerous and make all of us insecure because the point of his threat was not to induce the fear in the law abiding person but to get you to understand everyone else in the state will abide and will be trustworthy. If the threat is not going to deter all then the system is going to break down. That’s what Hobbes thought happened in the English civil war about religion. Leviathan is a plea for rationality. The rational caculation to value your own life above all other things. There is no natural cure for nature. Letting people do their own thing will not turn into some spontaneous social agreement mostly because they cannot trust each other even if it is in both of their interest to do so. A common fear is a sharing experience. You also experience ruling and being ruled at the same time. There is also a sense that the sovereign is all of us. (a bunch of little bodies that make up the leviathan) Hobbes is serious when he says it is a unity. Yes you give up in your rights to the sovereign but you also partake in the sovereign. The sovereign did not exist until you and I agree to give in and make it so. The body of the sovereign is our collective bodies. For hobbes our bodies are what we have in common. We are free to disagree about everything so long as we don’t have a single person to speak for us. The sword is a dictionary or a set of meanings that are legal and illegal not right and wrong. The sword hangs over our head but in our hand we get a dictionary which tells us whit is legal and illegal. Leviathan is also a solution to the moral and linguistic chaos in the state of nature where we don’t agree on anything We can also have freedom and liberty as hobbes understands these terms. Not rights. Rights are what you have to give up to have the practice and experience of liberty. Febraury 19th, 2014 ROUSSEAU – THE SOCIAL CONTRACT Often appointed to a reason for the French Revolution. Pg. 53 on slavery- We are not going to look anymore at gov’t nature but we are going to assume all people are equal in nature. Force can create something but it cant create anything right. If there is going to be something in charge it has to be a covenant. (similar to Hobbes) Gov’t remains with ROUSSEAU something artificial. Rosseau hates hobbes and Aristotle because they are theorists of slavery. Rosseau says there cannot be any such thing as legitimate slavery. If politics isn’t going to have a moral function for Rosseau than it isn’t worth talking or arguing about. Aristotle theorized a natural slavery but for rosseau hobbes theorized an artificial slavery. Slavery under the sovereign. Rosseau says human beings would never consent to slavery by contract. Government has to be by consent and government has to n some sense respect the equality of every person. How to we avoid Hobbes problem of individuals having problems with everyone? Rosseau is not interested in devising a science of politics. Rosseau resembles plato because he wants to work directly in the language of reason. The book is full of historical examples. Comparative lessons on political institutions that have worked in the past. Human beings have a special moral capacity which is another reason why slavery is intolerable to him. HOW IS ROSSEAU GOING TO CREATE A SOCIAL CONTRACT THAT IS MORAL AND IS BASED ON CONSENT? Pg. 60 – if each of us takes individual rights against the state then we will end up back in a state of nature. Rosseau says the only thing that can work is the total alienation of every individual. The alienation of ones rights to the whole community. Hobbes said one gave himself to one man or an assembly of men. A contract that is completely neutral. We are all equal before and after but the nature of our equality has changed. After we are equal beings in this community or new being and we all remain as equal as we are before. The difficulty with this is how does anyone decide what to do. We haven’t solved the problem of how we decide. Pg. 69- beginning of book 2 – If we are going to give everything up to the community rosseau thinks there must be a reason to do it. â€Å"common interest† or the general will. It is not just a series of desires that we happen to share. When there is no love there is no family. Love sustains a family. Even though ‘families’ go through the motions and confide with legal forms there is no love so there is a difference. The general will is to the state what love is to the family. The animating spirit that sustains it and creates and and without it there can be no such thing as a state. Being a member of a family doesn’t mean you don’t have your own opinions or interests that may conflict with other members of the family. But being members with a real loving family there is a time you set those interests and opinions to one side because you care about the fundamental well being of the others in your family so you set those things aside. The development of your reason and your realization of your common interest go together naturally as proto human animals what you lack is not a set of interest but a rational capacity to understand the overlap of your interest with everybody else’s. Our interest don’t change but we realize those interests can be realized beter collectively than they can be singly. The general will exists so long as we continue to believe and support and develop these common interests in the same way the family continues to exist as they believe and support and develop the common view of that family. When you think you are better off without another person it is over even if you go through the motions for a decade after this thought. (likewise for rosseau with a state if we are not committed to them it will not exist even if there is parliament it will be an empty form with no general will. ) Standing behind the social contract is an animated spirit that makes the contract possible but it is only possible for a human being. Animals cannot share in a general will because they don’t have language and cannot reason together. The general will is meant to be at one in the same time a product of reason and a product of some kind of spirit. You cant see it like love in a family you just kind of know that it is there. Rosseau tended to idealize smaller communities. This kind of political community he is proposing is not well suiting for larger states. Rosseau thinks this is what it takes to actually have a state in which people remain free. You do what you need to do because you are happy to be a member of that organization. No one is holding a gun to your head. Even if you are not thrilled to perform the task when you want to do it you understand the non-performance would be letting down your fellows in the community and you don’t want tthat to happen because you value the community and the members in that community. All of us have some communities in which we are willingly apart. The only way a community of equals can be governed is if it is governed by the general will. It will be governed by voting by a community that rosseau imagines. It is very different from majority rule. There is in rosseaus republic majority decision making but not majority rule. The point of the assembly is to discover what the general will is to rosseau. You agree to be bound by the majority because it is the only practical decision role. You go along with the decision of the majority because you think they share the same interest of the common good. When you lose that feeling that you are all there for the common purpose then the state is gone and then you don’t have a good reason to go along with the majority anymore. The shared purpose is gone and you are back to the state of nature where shared individuals have nothing in common. States can fall apart because people don’t have common interest they can also fall apart because there is not constant interaction. Liberty is what you get when you have the general will in place. The general will is not the same thing as love or patriotism but it is similar to it. The spirit that animates you as you act as a citizen as oppose to a private individual.

A Nightmare On Elm Street :: essays research papers fc

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At a time when the stalker movie had been exploited to all ends and the image of mute, staggering, vicious killers had been etched into society’s consciousness to the point of exhaustion, a new kid entered the block. The year was 1984 and it was time for a new villain to enter into the horror genre. A villain that was agile, intelligent, almost inviolable yet viscous, and by all means deadly. A Nightmare on Elm Street introduced the distinctive presence of Fred Krueger to the horror industry and to the audience. Freddy Krueger took the center stage and with him a new era of horror films began. This horribly scarred man who wore a ragged slouch hat, dirty red-and-green striped sweater, and a glove outfitted with knives at the fingers reinvented the stalker genre like no other film had. Fred Krueger breathed new life into the dying horror genre of the early 1980’s. Horror films are designed to frighten the audience and engage them in their worst fears, while captivating and entertaining at the same time. Horror films often center on the darker side of life, on what is forbidden and strange. These films play with society’s fears, its nightmare’s and vulnerability, the terror of the unknown, the fear of death, the loss of identity, and the fear of sexuality. Horror films are generally set in spooky old mansions, fog-ridden areas, or dark locales with unknown human, supernatural or grotesque creatures lurking about. These creatures can range from vampires, madmen, devils, unfriendly ghosts, monsters, mad scientists, demons, zombies, evil spirits, satanic villains, the possessed, werewolves and freaks to the unseen and even the mere presence of evil. Within the genre of horror films falls the sub-genre of teen slasher/stalker films. These teen slasher/stalker films take the horror genre film characteristics into account, however they add more to the formula. More violence, sadism, brutality, and graphic blood and gore are used to increase the terror factor. Sexuality and gratuitous nudity are also key characteristic of many of these films. Imitations and numerous sequels are also a common characteristic of teen slasher/stalker films as well. A Nightmare on Elm Street and all of the following six sequels fall into its own sub-genre of the teen slasher/stalker sub-genre as well, know as the Nightmare on Elm Street Series. This series of films adds a new dimension to the typical teen slasher/stalker film, depth of character and story.

Educational Theatre Essay

We have been trying to put these issues into different types of drama and trying to put across all the different sides to these issues. For example rape: Is one rapist, worse than another? In this essay I am going to be explaining what we did to put these issues across in a form of drama, what complications we came across, what my part in each drama was and what went well and what went wrong. My group set about the task of putting Surrogacy across by trying to look at every aspect of it. Our aims were to show how many different people come into it and how it affects each individual involved. For instance, I played the part of the surrogate mothers employer. Before the surrogate mother had decided that she would carry the baby, she came to me as her employer to explain the situation. What was going through my mind was things such as: How much time off work she would take, how much it would cost the company etc. So I was reluctant to let her carry this baby but was persuaded in the end. We also looked at other aspects that would affect the Surrogate Mother. These included: How her social life would be affected, how her friendship with the person she was carrying the baby for would develop, her family and how she would be affected financially. One problem with the surrogate mother in our play had been that she didn’t have the backing of her parents. I also played the role of her father and insisted that I wouldn’t speak to my daughter again. This was because I was playing the role of someone with very old-fashioned values and thought that what my daughter was doing was disgusting and not very ethical. This put a massive amount of strain on the surrogate mother. She basically had to pick between her friends and family. In the end she chose her friend though because she knew how much she wanted a baby and how much it would mean to her. So our group basically tried to show all the different sides there are to surrogacy, its not just about someone carrying a baby for someone, it’s about a lot more than that. What I think went well was how flexible the people in our group were. We all played 3 or 4 different characters during the play and we all managed with this really well. I played a counsellor, the surrogate mums father and her boss. Another thing I think we did well was our setting out of the stage. Between each scene the stage had to be rearranged quite a lot and the members of our group did this quickly and efficiently. The things we did badly I thought was the acting of emotions. Most people of the age of the members in our group have had little or no experience with an issue such as surrogacy. Therefore they did really well to act as they did but I still don’t think we done it quite as good as we could have. My conclusion is that educational theatre is the most gripping type of theatre. And to do it well you need actors and good stage directions. If I were to work on this project again I would make sure that a lot more research had been done into the issues we had to deal with in these plays. I think this would make the acting a lot more realistic and give the actor/actress a bit more of an idea of the role they are playing.

Social Work Profession - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1149 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/03/18 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Social Work Essay Did you like this example? Introduction Social work profession is vitally important towards improving the well-being of children and parents when individuals lack the skills in coping or providing daily life necessities. The National Association of Social Work (NASW) provides the social worker professionals with knowledge on professionalism, values, and code of ethics accountability. Additionally, every social worker must be equipped with knowledge on theoretical perspectives on human behavior. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Social Work Profession" essay for you Create order Theory and social work practice interplay with one another. These are essential fundamental skills for case assessment, explanation, intervention, and evaluation. There are many different arrays of multidisciplinary theories. For example, theories borrowed from psychology, biology, sociology and economic can apply relevant theory practice. Theories assists to predict and/or explain situations and behaviors patterns for a particular event and resolve relevant problems. This essay will compare and contrast between resilience and psychosocial theory, its strengths and limitations relating to anxiety, depression and PTSD when minor children are separated from parents. Background on Social Work apply theories The knowledge of theory is integral to the social work professional in order to assist individual coping with different stressors that minor children experience with mental disorders leading to PTSD. Theories are part of an important ingredient in the social workers profession. Multi disciplinary theory assists social workers to: (1) explain or predict an individuals patterned behavior depending on the situation (2) provide a starting direction (3) assist in the assessment phase in organizing and planning (4) provide social work accountability (5) apply theory findings based on individuals capacities. Defining Resilience Theory One of many theories social workers utilize is Resilience theory. According to the American Psychological Association (APA) resilience is define as the process of adapting well in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats or significant sources of stress † such as family and relationship problems, serious health problems or workplace and financial stressors. Additionally, according to European Journal of Psychotraumantology, These multidisciplinary experts provide insight into these difficult questions, and although each of the panelists had a slightly different definition of resilience, most of the proposed definitions included a concept of healthy, adaptive, or integrated positive functioning over the passage of time in the aftermath of adversity (2014). In layman language it means the ability to bouncing back from difficult experiences (2018). Defining Psychosocial Theory Erik Erikson, who was an ego psychologist, believed a life span consisted of different growth stag es, developed psychosocial theory. Erikson developed a series of eight life stages beginning from birth through old age. Every stage of the lifespan affects the development of an individual, for example: Stage 1: The Infancy stage consist of birth through one year old. Where the infant develops trust versus mistrust. Is the infants surrounding a safe place or danger alerts everywhere? Stage 2 Early Childhood consist of eighteen months and three-year-old in this stage child begin develops autonomy versus shame and doubt. The child begins discovering independence and learns many skills and abilities. Stage 3 consists of preschool years ages __________that develop initiative versus guilt. Attitudes arise reflecting either good or bad behaviors and action must take. Additionally, play activities, pretend, criticize or control others, become followers. Stage 4 are school age years________ the industry versus inferiority. Where they begin to learn sight words and begin reading and writing. The feel achieved and accomplished. Stage 5 age________is the adolescence where children developed identity versus role confusion. Children becoming independent begin to set goals and future interests and dislikes. Stage 6 age___________Young Adulthood, which develops intimacy versus isolation concerns. Young adults begin to distance from parents and begin forming closer relationship with the opposite sex. Stage 7 Middle Adulthood develops â€Å" generativity vs. stagnation (Stage 8) Maturity develops ego integrity vs. despair. (Hutchinson, 2017, p. 358). Any interference during a part development life span can potential affect an individuals well-being. Cherry expanded on Erickson by stating Children who successfully complete this stage feel secure and confident, while those who do not are left with a sense of inadequacy and self-doubt. Erikson believed that achieving a balance between autonomy and shame and doubt would lead to will, which is the belief that children can act with intention, within reason and limits. (2018) Cause of Emotional Distress At some point, most people will be expose to one (or more) potentially life-threatening traumatic experiences that can influence mental health and result in conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Karam et al., 2014). There are numerous adversities that include exposure violence, the trauma of war, drug gang wars, witness death of a loved one, and terrorism. Some stressors exposure may be reoccurring. For example, bullying, stressors in the work place, unhealthy relationships, poverty, areas where hurricanes or tornados are seasonal occurrence. Exposure to chronic, intense, unforeseen or overwhelming stressors can be physically or emotional detrimental to the body. Researches have followed people with the same typical adversities yet, the researcher asked, What are the natural mechanisms that allow most people to cope successfully with adversity? What are they doing and how are they coping? (). But according to the APA the meaning of resilience does not mean individ uals experience stressors in their life. Common individuals experience the emotional effects that suffer with PTSD or major adversities. In fact, resilience is not a characteristic or trait that individual may or may not pose. There are behaviors, thoughts and action can be learned by individuals (2018). Similarities of Resilience and psychosocial theory A combination of factors contributes to resilience and psychosocial theory. Many studies implicate that factor such as having supportive and helping community relationships and mentors within and outside the family build a strong foundation to overcome adversities. Additionally, resilience and psychosocial development is to overcome the lifespan development stage. Limitations on Resilience Clearly, comparing theories with one another they tend to reflect many differences due to multidisciplinary point of views. It is crucially important social workers have knowledge on theory differences implicates. As a social worker professional, the core value must be held to the high standards to service individuals and be held accountable. Therefore Ericksons having developed the different stages of life might cause to have an interruption with . Resilience individuals focuses Social economy weakness Several scientists have warned that invoking the term resilience may be perceived as suggesting that if only children had a particular trait, or if only they displayed particular behaviors, then they could withstand adversities. Such perspectives can inadvertently pave the way for blaming the individual for not possessing characteristics needed to function wel l (Masten, 1994; Pianta Walsh, 1998; Reynolds, 1998; Tarter Vanyukov, 1999) and can lead some political leaders to justify limited protection to children from conditions of poverty, maltreatment, and distress (Pianta Walsh, 1998), with the rationale that children should be responsible for forging their own Horatio Alger pathway through risk and toward success'(Doll Lyon, 1998, p. 360). Vs. Psychosocial Implications Through Ericksons research he developed stages of framework in providing the understanding of the characteristics and roles of each stage are developed. Ericksons concepts have not provided a solution rather a perspective towards the clients life struggles.